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  • Forced Labor in Brazil Re-Visited

    On-Site Investigations Document that Practice Continues

    What has been documented in our previous reports remains true today: in the inaccessible forests of the central and western states of Brazil, large estate owners use forced labor to cut and burn enormous tracts of land for the purpose of turning the forest into cattle pasture.

  • Human Rights in the APEC Region

    While human rights violations continued throughout the APEC region, the major story during the year and described in this report was not so much the nature of the abuses, but the debate over how to address them. Two factors had a major impact on this debate: the increased visibility of Asian nongovernmental organizations and the growing economic power of East Asia.

  • Threats to Press Freedom

    A Report Prepared for the Free Media Seminar Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe

    The Free Media Seminar of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe is taking place at a critical time. First, because developments throughout the region suggest that protection for media freedoms fall well short of international standards.

  • Human Rights Abuses Mount in 1993

    U.S. Policymakers Should Hold President Mubarak Accountable

    President Hosni Mubarak of Egypt is scheduled to meet with members of Congress and the Administration, including President Bill Clinton, in Washington, D.C. This will be the Egyptian leader's second visit since April.

  • HRW Writes to President Clinton Urging NAFTA Summit on Human Rights

    Citing violations of core political rights in Mexico — freedom of expression, freedom of association, freedom of assembly, and the right to vote — this report calls for the Clinton administration to address these and other human rights issues as it engages the Mexican government in trade negotiations.

  • Violations by the Latvian Department of Citizenship and Immigration

    In this investigation of the application of the 1991 Latvian law “On the Registration of Residents,” our findings indicate that the Department of Citizenship and Immigration has targeted certain non-citizen groups and denied them registration as legal residents of Latvia.

  • Seeking Refuge, Finding Terror

    The Widespread Rape of Somali Women Refugees in North Eastern Kenya

    While the tragedy in Somalia made daily news, the plight of thousands of refugees in neighboring Kenya remains unpublicized. Since 1992, approximately 300,000 Somalis have fled across the 800 mile Kenya-Somali border, most of them women and children. Many were the victims of violence, including rape, as they fled war-torn Somalia.

  • Government Efforts to Silence Students

    Freedom of expression on campus in Indonesia became a major issue in mid-1993 with national attention focused on three court cases and the banning of a student newspaper. All of the cases illustrate the tight limits that the Indonesian government places on written and spoken criticism.

  • Integrating Estonia’s Non-Citizen Minority

    While the “zero-option” approach — the granting of citizenship equally to all who were permanent residents at the time the state in question gained independence — was rejected in Estonia, we uncovered no systematic, serious abuses of human rights in the area of citizenship.

  • Abuse of Burmese Refugees from Arakan

    Beginning in late 1991, wide-scale atrocities committed by the Burmese military, including rape, forced labor, and religious persecution, triggered an exodus of ethnic Rohingya Muslims from the northwestern Burmese state of Arakan into Bangladesh. This report warned of the possible repatriation of nearly 240,000 refugees, housed in nineteen camps in and around the Bangladeshi town of Cox's Bazar.

  • War in South Sudan

    The Civilian Toll

    The eleven-year-old conflict in south Sudan continues to bring famine, pestilence and death to southerners (over one million people have died as a result of the war). This suffering is caused by gross abuses of human rights by the government and its Sudan Popular Armed Forces and the two factions of the rebel Sudan People’s Liberation Army.

  • Human Rights in Venezuela

    Highlighting some of the human rights abuses of the previous five years, this report examines the structures of the judicial system and archaic statutes that permit the denial of due process; these include aspects of the military justice system as well as inefficiency in the civilian courts and a lack of transparency in internal police disciplinary procedures.

  • Persecuted Minorities and Writers in Pakistan

    Government efforts to Islamicize Pakistan's civil and criminal law, which began in earnest in the early 1980s, have dangerously undermined fundamental rights of freedom of religion and expression, and have led to serious abuses against the country's religious minorities.

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