The Covid-19 pandemic continued to impact daily life, including access to education and employment. Italy renewed its migration cooperation with Libya and obstructed sea rescue organizations while nonetheless allowing disembarkations in Italy, usually with delays. The Senate rejected a bill to make incitement to violence or discrimination based on sex, gender, sexual orientation or gender identity an offense. Authorities failed to take steps to ensure access to abortion in areas where significant barriers to access remain, including high rates of conscientious objection. The European Commission noted rule of law concerns with respect to the judiciary and the media.

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