The fragile transition government that succeeded President Ali Abdullah Saleh in 2012 following mass protests faces multiple human rights challenges, including arbitrary arrest and detention, attacks on free speech and assembly, and judicial execution of child offenders. The parliament in 2012 granted Saleh and his aides immunity from prosecution, and the current president, Abdu Rabu Mansour Hadi, has not created mechanisms to provide accountability for past abuses. Sporadic clashes continue between state security forces and armed factions demanding greater autonomy in southern Yemen, between Salafist groups and armed tribesmen and Huthis in the north, and with Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP). US targeted killings against AQAP have resulted in an unknown number of civilian deaths. Yemen faces a growing humanitarian crisis, with nearly half the population lacking sufficient food.