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Documents on Cluster Bombs Africa and the Oslo Process to Ban Cluster Munitions Cluster Munition Coalition Fact Sheet Prepared by Human Rights Watch In Africa, nine countries are contaminated to some degree with cluster munition remnants. Nearly one-third of the locations where cluster munitions have been used globally are in Africa, and the majority of this use has occurred in the past 10 to 15 years. Two countries in Africa—Egypt and South Africa—have produced and exported cluster munitions. At least 14 countries from the region stockpile cluster munitions, and 13 countries have imported the weapon. A total of 34 countries from Africa agreed to adopt the Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) in Dublin on May 30, 2008. September 26, 2008 Campaign Document Printer friendly version Overview of Cluster Munitions in Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, and Central Asia Cluster Munition Coalition Fact Sheet Prepared by Human Rights Watch In Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, and Central Asia, a total of 10 states are contaminated to some degree with cluster munition remnants. At least 19 states in the area are known to stockpile cluster munitions. Russia, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Serbia, and Slovakia have been associated with production of cluster munitions. Bulgaria, previously identified as a producer, claims to have never produced any type of cluster munition. A total of 15 states from the region agreed to adopt the Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) in Dublin on May 30, 2008. September 18, 2008 Campaign Document Printer friendly version Human Rights Watch Observations on the Convention on Conventional Weapons (CCW) Draft Protocol on Cluster Munitions Prepared for the Meeting of the CCW Group of Governmental Experts States parties to the Convention on Conventional Weapons (CCW) have spent most of 2008 developing a proposal to address the humanitarian impact of cluster munitions. At the third session of the CCW’s Group of Governmental Experts in July 2008, states considered the draft text of a protocol to regulate cluster munitions circulated by chair Ambassador Bent Wigotski of Denmark. For Human Rights Watch, this draft protocol is “too little, too late.” It is too little because it does not go far enough in tackling the challenges posed by cluster munitions and too late because it falls far short of the Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) that 107 states adopted on May 30, 2008. September 2, 2008 Background Briefing Printer friendly version Clarification Regarding Use of Cluster Munitions in Georgia On August 21, 2008, Human Rights Watch reported a series of attacks with cluster munitions around four towns and villages in Georgia’s Gori district. Human Rights Watch attributed all the strikes to Russian forces, but upon further investigation has concluded that the origin of the cluster munitions found on August 20 in two of the villages – Shindisi and Pkhvenisi – cannot yet be determined. September 2, 2008 Press Release Also available in 
Printer friendly version Georgia: Join Treaty Banning Cluster Munitions Government Acknowledges Using Weapon Against Russian Forces The Georgian government said it used cluster munitions during the August 2008 armed conflict with Russia, Human Rights Watch said today. In a letter to Human Rights Watch, the Georgian Defense Ministry stated that cluster rockets were “used against Russian military equipment and armament marching from Roki tunnel to Dzara road [sic],” but that they “were never used against civilians, civilian targets and civilian populated or nearby areas.” Human Rights Watch has not independently confirmed this information, but has reported Russia’s use of cluster munitions during the fighting. September 1, 2008 Press Release Also available in 
Printer friendly version Georgia: Civilians Killed by Russian Cluster Bomb ‘Duds’ More Attacks Confirmed; Unexploded Ordnance Threatens Many Georgian and Russian authorities should take urgent measures to protect the civilian population in Georgian villages from unexploded ordnance left by Russian attacks, Human Rights Watch said today. Human Rights Watch researchers documented additional Russian cluster munitions attacks during the conflict in Georgia, refuting Russia’s earlier denials that it used the weapon. August 20, 2008 Press Release Also available in
Printer friendly version Russian Attacks in Georgia Show Need for Convention on Cluster Munitions By Bonnie Docherty, Researcher Published in JURIST Russia has not only caused civilian casualties with its use of cluster munitions in Georgia, but it has also blatantly disregarded the international decision to ban the weapons. In the process, Russia has demonstrated that states around the world cannot become complacent about the Convention on Cluster Munitions, which 107 of them adopted in May. They must sign and ratify the treaty as soon as possible so that its obligations enter into force and its stigmatization power grows. August 19, 2008 Commentary Printer friendly version Georgia: Russian Cluster Bombs Kill Civilians Stop Using Weapon Banned by 107 Nations Human Rights Watch researchers have uncovered evidence that Russian aircraft dropped cluster bombs in populated areas in Georgia, killing at least 11 civilians and injuring dozens. August 15, 2008 Video Background on Russia and Cluster Munitions The Russian Federation was not part of the Oslo Process launched in February 2007 to develop a new international treaty banning cluster munitions. In May 2008, 107 nations adopted the Convention on Cluster Munitions, which comprehensively bans the use, production, trade and stockpiling of the weapon. It will be open for signature in Oslo on December 3, 2008. August 14, 2008 Background Briefing Printer friendly version Georgia: Russian Cluster Bombs Kill Civilians Stop Using Weapon Banned by 107 Nations Human Rights Watch researchers have uncovered evidence that Russian aircraft dropped cluster bombs in populated areas in Georgia, killing at least 11 civilians and injuring dozens, Human Rights Watch said today. Human Rights Watch called upon Russia to immediately stop using cluster bombs, weapons so dangerous to civilians that more than 100 nations have agreed to ban their use. August 14, 2008 Press Release Also available in
Printer friendly version US: Pentagon’s ‘New’ Cluster Bomb Policy Treads Water US Campaign to Ban Landmines Press Release The Pentagon announced Monday that the US military would continue to use and export even the most unreliable cluster bombs over the next decade. This policy decision comes shortly after 111 countries, including major NATO allies, agreed to a global treaty banning cluster bombs. The new policy states that the United States will not impose restrictions on the use or export of cluster bombs, including those with high failure rates, until 2018. The announcement drew heavy criticism from human rights groups because of the danger that unexploded cluster munitions pose to civilians. July 8, 2008 Web Site US Out of Step with Allies with Hollow 'New' Cluster Bomb Policy: Unrestricted Use for another Decade Cluster Munition Coalition Press Release A month after 111 nations including major US allies agreed to ban cluster bombs, the United States says it will continue to use its huge stockpile for another decade. According to the new policy memorandum signed by Secretary of Defense Robert Gates, the US will also seek to ship cluster bombs to other countries, despite US law prohibiting transfers. After 2018, the US will still use cluster munitions with a claimed failure rate of less than 1 percent, despite wide recognition that a failure rate approach will not prevent unacceptable harm to civilians.The policy puts the US squarely at odds with the 111 nations-including nearly all major US allies-that agreed to a new international treaty in May that comprehensively bans the use, production, trade and stockpiling of cluster munitions, no matter what the failure rate. The United States has been the leading known user, producer, stockpiler, and exporter of cluster bombs. July 8, 2008 Web Site Cluster Bomb Treaty Breaks New Ground The new cluster munitions treaty adopted in Dublin on May 30, 2008, will save thousands of lives for decades to come, with key treaty provisions stronger than even some of its staunchest supporters had expected, Human Rights Watch said today. The treaty immediately bans all types of cluster munitions, rejecting initial attempts by some nations to negotiate exceptions for their own arsenals, as well as calls for a transition that would delay the ban for a decade or more. May 30, 2008 Press Release Also available in 
Printer friendly version Opening Remarks in the Closing Press Conference of the Dublin Diplomatic Conference on Cluster Munitions Delivered by Steve Goose, director of the Human Rights Watch Arms Division and co-chair of the Cluster Munition Coalition This convention is a gift to the world. The real beneficiaries are the thousands of civilians who will not lose their lives or limbs to cluster munitions—cluster munitions that will never be produced and never be used. This is an all too rare example of governments responding to the call of civil society—a call to deal urgently and comprehensively with a humanitarian imperative. May 30, 2008 Oral Statement Printer friendly version US: Defeat at Clusters Parley US efforts to undermine a new treaty banning cluster munitions met with significant defeat today at the final negotiations in Dublin, Human Rights Watch said. May 28, 2008 Press Release Also available in
Printer friendly version Cluster Munition Coalition Statement to the Committee of the Whole on the Agreement to Adopt the Cluster Munitions Convention Delivered by Steve Goose, director of the Arms Division at Human Rights Watch and co-chair of the Cluster Munition Coalition This convention is a comprehensive ban on cluster munitions as a class of weapons. In many ways it is more comprehensive than the 1997 Mine Ban Treaty. It bans not just some cluster munitions, but all cluster munitions. It does not try to differentiate between good cluster munitions and bad cluster munitions, it bans them all. The weapons that are covered in the Article 2(C) exclusion cannot have the indiscriminate wide area effect and excessive unexploded ordnance effect of cluster munitions, and thus should not be considered cluster munitions. May 28, 2008 Oral Statement Printer friendly version A cluster of excuses Britain, pushed by the US, is trying to insert a massive loophole in the treaty banning cluster weapons By Marc Garlasco, Senior Military Analyst Published in Guardian Online Before it is too late, the UK needs to start showing some humanitarian principles and some political backbone. As a close ally of the US and a major military player on the global stage, it is important that the UK remains on board the Oslo process. But it is also essential that the UK follow up on Brown's helpful statement this week and start standing for the interests of the victims - past, present and future - of these horrible weapons. May 23, 2008 Commentary Printer friendly version US: Efforts to Weaken Cluster Ban Treaty Threat to US Humanitarian Aid Overblown The US government is trying to win dangerous loopholes in a new treaty on cluster munitions even though it is not participating in the international conference to hammer out a final text, Human Rights Watch said today. May 22, 2008 Press Release Also available in
Printer friendly version UK must stop clinging to cluster bombs By Marc Garlasco, Senior Military Analyst Published in The Independent, Open House Blogs We’ve gathered at the home of the Gaelic Games to write a major new piece of international law. Here in the massive Croke Park Stadium in Dublin, nearly 1,000 diplomats and campaigners are thronging the chilly halls to hammer out the final text of a treaty banning cluster munitions. The United Kingdom is one of the lynchpin nations here, but they are clinging to their last cluster munitions and have thoroughly isolated themselves. May 22, 2008 Commentary Printer friendly version Types of Cluster Munitions in Global Stockpiles Cluster munitions are stockpiled by at least 76 states and have been used in at least 31 countries and disputed territories. A total of 34 states are known to have produced over 210 different types of air-dropped, surface-launched, or submarine-launched cluster munitions including projectiles, bombs, rockets, missiles, and dispensers. This reference chart is organized by type of cluster munition and indicates which states stockpile them. It is not intended to be a complete accounting of stockpiles, and Human Rights Watch welcomes any clarifications, corrections, or updates from state representatives. May 19, 2008 Campaign Document Printer friendly version |
 © 2005 Andrew McConnell/WpN
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