Chemical Attacks in Aleppo City

November 17, 2016November 18, 2016November 19, 2016November 20, 2016November 21, 2016November 22, 2016November 23, 2016November 24, 2016November 25, 2016November 26, 2016November 27, 2016November 28, 2016November 29, 2016November 30, 2016December 1, 2016December 2, 2016December 3, 2016December 4, 2016December 5, 2016December 6, 2016December 7, 2016December 8, 2016December 9, 2016December 10, 2016December 11, 2016December 12, 2016MaadiNew MowasalatBab el-HadeedBab el-MaqamBab NeirabKaram al-JazmatiTariq al-BabBaideenBustan el-BashaBustan el-QassrFardousHaidariyaMasaken HananoHullukEin el-TalKallasehKaram QaterjiMarjaMashadMuyassarAl-BalatOld AleppoPedro MountDaheert AwwadQadi AskarSakhourSalheenShaarSheikh FaresSheikh KhaderSheikh SaeedSukkariGovernment controlled areaChemical attackAleppoChemical attacks in Aleppo, Syria

Attacks that took place between November 17-December 13, 2016.

The most recent chlorine attacks took place during a final push by Syrian government forces and its allies to wrest control of eastern Aleppo from armed opposition groups. After a period of relative calm, Syrian government forces and its allies resumed military operations in Aleppo on November 17, starting with intensive aerial bombardment. The battle continued until December 13, when the parties agreed to a ceasefire and many of the fighters and civilians in eastern Aleppo were evacuated.

The actual number of chemical attacks in Aleppo between November 17 and December 13 could be higher than the eight documented in this report, Human Rights Watch said. On social media, journalists, first responders, medical personnel, and others reported at least 12 attacks in the period. Human Rights Watch included in this report only attacks it has corroborated through both real-time reporting on social media and interviews with at least one witness.

Identifying with certainty the chemical used in the attacks without laboratory testing is difficult, but the odor, signs, and symptoms that victims and medical personnel reported indicate that government forces used chlorine. Local residents who were close to the impact site and medical personnel reported a strong odor of chlorine, similar to that of bleach-based household cleansers, near the impact sites.

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