(Nairobi) – Booliska iyo burcad hubaysan ayaa ugu yaraan 37 qof ku dilay magaalada Nairobi intii u dhexeysay Sebtembar iyo Nofembar 2017, xilligaasi oo lagu guda jiray wajiga labaad ee doorashadii madaxtinnimo ee Kenya, waxaa sidaa maanta sheegtay Human Rights Watch. Waa in dowladda Kenya ay degdeg u baarto dilalkaasi iyo dhammaan kuwa kale ee la diiwaangeliyay inta ay socotay doorashada, ayna xaqiijiso in lala xisaabtamo kuwa geystay dilalkaasi sharci darrada ah.
“Waa in dowladda ay qirto xaddiga ay gaarsiisan tahay rabshaddii doorashada la xiriirtay, ayna si wax ku ool ah u baarto dhammaan kiisaska dadka la laayay,” ayuu yiri Otsieno Namwaya oo ah cilmi-baare Human Rights Watch u qaabilsan Afrika, asagoo intaa ku daray, “Qoysaska dhibbanayaasha waxa ay doonayaan cadaalad.”
Booliska ayaa intii lagu guda jiray wajiga labaad ee doorashadii madaxtinnimada Kenya, waxa ay xaafado kala duwan oo ka tirsan Nairobi ku dileen ugu yaraan 23 qof, kuwaasoo u badnaa taageerayaasha mucaaradka, halka burcad hubaysan ay dileen ugu yaraan 14 qof. Doorashada koobaad ee madaxtinnimada ayaa dhacday 8-dii Agoosto, balse maxkamadda ugu sarraysa Kenya ayaa burisay natiijada, waxaana doorashada labaad la qabtay 26-kii Oktoobar. Madaxweyne Uhuru Kenyatta ayaa mar labaad xilka loo dhaariyay bishii Nofembar.
Mudadii u dhexeysay Nofembar 2017 iyo Janaayo 2018, ayaa cilmi baarayaasha Human Rights Watch waxa ay waraysteen 67 qof, oo ay ku jiraan 30 ka mid ah ehelada dhibbanayaasha, 27 goobjoogayaal ah, 2 qof oo u ololeeya xuquuqda aadanaha, 3 ka mid ah shaqaalaha gargaarka ee caawiyay qoysaska dadka dhintay, 3 qof oo hogaamiyayaasha bulshada ah iyo 2 boolis ah oo ku sugnaa xaafadaha. Cilmi baarayaasha ayaa sidoo kale eegay diiwaannada cisbitaallada iyo meydadka la keydiyay, waxaana ay dib u eegis ku sameeyeen 32 warbixin oo dhakhtarka dowladda uu ka diyaariyay waxa sababay dhimashada dadkaasi, ayagoo sidoo kalena waraystay shacabka ku nool xaafadaha Muthurwa, Kawangware, Kibera, Mathare, Dandora, Kariobangi, Babadogo iyo Riverside ee magaalada Nairobi.
Warbixinnada dhakhtarka ayaa muujiyay in inta badan dhibbanayaasha loo toogtay si afsaar ah, ayadoo badanaa loo adeegsaday rasaas awood badan. Sida ay ogaadeen cilmi baarayaasha Human Rights Watch, qaar badan oo ka mid ah dhibbanayaasha ayaa la dilay markii uu iska horimaad dhexmaray booliska iyo dad mudaharaadayay, kuwaasoo ay u adeegsadeen sunta dadka ka ilmeysiisa iyo rasaas nool nool, mararka qaarna booliska waxa ay rasaas ku fureen dad meesha marayay ama dhalinyaro koox koox u taagnaa.
Cilmi baaris ay Human Rights Watch samaysay tan iyo bishii Agoosto, xilligaasi oo la qabtay doorashadii koobaad, ayay ku ogaatay in booliska iyo burcad hubaysan ay dileen in ka badan 100 qof, mudadii ay socotay doorashadii daba-dheeraatay. Warbixin ay bishii Oktoobar wadajir usoo saareen Human Rights Watch iyo Amnesty International ayaa lagu ogaaday in ugu yaraan 67 qof lagu dilay guud ahaan dalka intii ay socotay doorashadii koobaad ee dhacday Agoosto, qaar badan oo dadkaasi ka mid ahna ay u dhinteen toogasho iyo jirdil ay u geysteen booliska. Intii ay socotay doorashada labaad, ayaa Human Rights Watch waxa ay diiwaangelisay dilka 37 qof, oo badankood ay booliska ku dileen xaafadaha Kawangware, Dandora, Mathare, Kibera, Kangemi, Kariobangi iyo Riverside ee magaalada Nairobi. Burcad hubaysan ayaa laayay dad ay u aqoonsadeen inay ka tirsan yihiin qabiillada taageeray mucaaradka.
Intii ay socdeen iyo ka dib doorashooyinkii Agoosto iyo Oktoobar, ayaa taageerayaasha mucaaradka ee ku nool Nairobi, gobollada Xeebta iyo Galbeedka Kenya, waxa ay sameeyeen dibed baxyo ay uga cabanayeen ku shubashada la sheegay ee doorashada. Isbahaysiga National Super Alliance (NASA) ayaa bilihii Sebtembar iyo Oktoobar ku baaqay dibed baxyo todobaad kasta ah oo ka dhaca dalka oo dhan, asagoo markii hore doonayay isbedel lagu sameeyo hannaanka doorashada, markii dambana qaadacay doorashadii labaad. Maalmihii hore, booliska ayaa faraha ka qaaday dibed baxyada, waxaana ay ku dhammaadeen si nabad ah.
Si kastaba, booliska Kenya ayaa bilihii Oktoobar iyo Nofembar waxa ay si gacan ka hadal leh u kala eryeen dibed baxyada, ayagoo marar badan toogasho ku dilay ama garaacay dibed baxayaasha ama dad ku sugnaa goobta. Waxaa jiray maalmo gaar ah oo booliska ay hawlgal baaritaan guri ka guri ah ka sameeyeen xaafadaha uu mucaaradka ku xooggan yahay sida Kariobangi, Dandora, Mathare iyo Kibera, halkaasoo ay dil, dhaawac iyo jirdil ugu geysteen tobanaan qof. Waxaa maalmahaasi ka mid ah 17-kii Nofembar, markaasi oo hogaamiyaha mucaaradka Raila Odinga uu kasoo laabtay dibedda, 20-kii Nofembar oo ah maalintii ay maxkamadda dalka ugu sarraysa ansixisay guushii labaad ee Uhuru Kenyatta, iyo 28-kii Nofembar oo ah maalintii la dhaariyay madaxweynaha.
Sida uu dhigayo sharciga caalamiga ah ee xuquuqda aadanaha, booliska waxa uu kala diri karaa mudaharaadyada sharci darrada ah ama rabshadda wata, balse waa inuu ka baaqsado adeegsiga awoodda, haddii aanay suuragal ahayna uu adeegsado awoodda ugu yar. Waxa uu hubka adeegsan karaa oo keliya marka ay jirto khatar ah in mudarahaadka uu keeni karo dhimasho ama dhaawac xun – oo aan wax looga qaban karin qaababka sahlan. Rasaasta wax disha ayaa la adeegsan karaa oo keliya marka laga fursan waayo ee noolasha lagu difaacayo.
Waa in dowladda ay si wax ku ool ah u baarto dilalka ay geysteen booliska, ayna xaqiijiso in lala xisaabtamo kuwa ka dambeeyay dilalkaasi sharci darrada ah. Dowladda Kenya ayaa ka gaabisay inay baarto dhammaan dilalka la diiwaangeliyay.
War qoraal ah oo uu 14-kii Nofembar soo saaray Guddiga Madaxa bannaan ee Dabagala Hawlaha Booliska (IPOA) ayaa waxa uu ku sheegay inuu baaray oo keliya laba kiis oo ka mid ah dilalkii dhacay xilliga doorashada – Samantha Pendo oo ahayd gabar lix bilood jir ah, oo lagu dhaawacay guriga waalidiinteed oo ku yaal Kisumu, dhaawacaasina u dhimatay 15-kii Agoosto, iyo Stephanie Moraa oo ahayd 9 jir, ayna booliska ku toogteen balakoonka gurigooda oo ku yaallay dabaqa saddexaad ee dhismo ka tirsan Nairobi, dhimatayna 12-kii Agoosto. Guddiga ayaa ku taliyay in baaritaan dadweynuhu ka qeybgalaan lagu sameeyo labadaasi dil, iyo in tallaabo edbin ah la mariyo taliyayaasha hogaaminayay askarta dhaawacday Pendo. Baaritaanka dilka Pendo ayaa 15-kii Febraayo ka billowday magaalada Kisumu.
Human Rights Watch ayaa bilihii Janaayo iyo Febraayo laba jeer warqado u dirtay guddiga IPOA iyo booliska, oo ay kaga codsatay macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan dilalka, iyo halka uu marayo baaritaanka, gaar ahaan liiska magacyada dhibbanayaasha, iyo inay waraysi la yeelato ka dib codsi noocaasi ah oo ay u diray bishii Agoosto. Xilliga la qoray warbixintan, IPOA iyo afhayeenka booliska midkoodna kama uusan jawaabin codsiyadaasi.
Ururada xuquuqda aadanaha ee Kenya iyo kuwa caalamiga ah ayaa marar badan ugu baaqay Madaxweyne Kenyatta inuu xaqiijiyo la xisaabtanka kuwa geystay dilalka sharci darrada ah intii lagu jiray doorashada. Warbixin uu soo saaray Guddiga Qaran ee Xuquuqda Aadanaha Kenya, oo ah mid haysta awood dastuuri ah, ayaa lagu ogaaday bishii Disembar in ugu yaraan 97 qof ay ku dhinteen guud ahaan dalka intii ay socdeen doorashooyinkii 2017. Hay’adda aan dowliga ahayn ee Independent Medico-legal Unit (IMLU) oo Kenya laga leeyahay, ayaa dalka oo dhan ka diiwaangelisay ugu yaraan 36 qof oo ay booliska dileen intii u dhexeysay Agoosto ilaa Nofembar. Labada hay’adoodba waxa ay ugu baaqeen dowladda Kenya in lala xisaabtamo dadka mas’uulka ka ahaa dilalkaasi sharci darrada ah.
Madaxweyne Kenyatta ayaan garawsan ama aan ku baaqin in baaritaan lagu sameeyo dilalkaasi, asagoo dhanka kale bogaadin aanay u qalmin kula dul dhacay booliska. Warqad uu 2-dii Disembar qoray agaasimaha hawlgallada ee booliska, Benson Kibui, asagoo matalayay madaxweynaha, ayaa lagu sheegay in Kenyatta uu ku bogaadiyay booliska “sida adag ee ay u guteen hawshooda iyo adeegga ay u hayeen shacabka Kenya” intii lagu jiray xilliga doorashada.
Dowladda Kenya waxa ay mas’uuliyad ka saaran tahay inay baarto dhammaan dilalka dhacay ka hor iyo ka dib doorashadii madaxtinnimo ee la qabtay Oktoobar, haddii ay ahaan lahaayeen kuwa ay geysteen booliska ama burcadda hubaysan, ayay tiri Human Rights Watch. Dowladdu waa inay xaqiijiso in dhammaan dadka mas’uulka ka ah dilalkaasi sharci darrada ah la baaro oo la maxkamadeeyo.
“Madaxweyne Kenyatta waxaa looga baahan yahay inuu muujiyo sida uu u aaminsan yahay sarraynta sharciga, asagoo si shaac baxsan u cambaareynaya dhammaan dilalka sharci darrada ah, isla markaana xaqiijinaya in baaritaan lagu sameeyo,” ayuu yiri Namwaya, oo intaa ku daray, “Isla xisaabtan la’aanta ayaa ah arin walaaceedu muddo dheer ka jiray Kenya, waana in mas’uuliyiinta ay muujiyaan inay ka go’an tahay cadaalad u helidda dilalkaasi.”
Si aad u hesho faahfaahin dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan warbixinta Human Rights Watch, fadlan hoos eeg.
Doorashooyinkii Madaxtinnimada
Doorasho guud ayaa Kenya ka dhacday 8-dii Agoosto. Guddiga doorashooyinka ayaa shaaciyay in madaxweynaha talada haya, Uhuru Kenyatta, uu markale guulaystay, inkastoo ay jireen eedeyma ah cod ku shubasho. 1-dii Sebtembar ayaa maxkamadda dalka ugu sarraysa oo uu dacwo u gudbiyay Raila Odinga waxa ay burisay natiijada doorashada madaxtinnimo, waxayna amartay in doorashada lagu celiyo. Doorasho cusub ayaa la qabtay 26-kii Oktoobar, balse Odinga ayaa ka haray tartanka, asagoo sheegay in dowladda aanay samayn isbedelka uu u arkay inay muhiim u yihiin doorasho xor ah. 30-kii Oktoobar ayaa lagu dhawaaqay in Kenyatta uu ku guulaystay doorashada ku celiska ahayd.
Raila Odinga ayaa dalka ka dhoofay 7-dii Nofembar, ayadoo ay xiisad taagan tahay, waxaana uu soo laabtay 17-kii Nofembar. Si cad ayuu u qaadacay guusha Kenyatta, 30-kii Janaayana, waxa uu sameeyay munaasabad aan rasmi ahayn oo uu isugu dhaariyay inuu yahay “madaxweynaha shacabka.” Dowladda ayaa warbaahinta ka reebtay inay tebiso munaasabaddaasi, waxaana maalmo u xirnaa afar telefishin. Xukuumadda ayaa sidoo kale tallaabo ka qaaday siyaasiyiinta mucaaradka ah ee ku lugta lahaa dhaarinta Odinga, ayadoo xirtay ugu yaraan 5 ka mid ah, isla markaana baasaboorrada ka xayirtay 15 xildhibaan oo mucaarad ah, halka ay ilaalada ka qaaday in ka badan 100 xildhibaanno ah.
Kenya ayaa taariikh u leh rabshadaha doorashada la xiriira kuwaasoo dhacayay tan iyo 1992, ayadoo ay ugu darneyd tii 2007-2008 ee ay ku dhinteen in ka badan 1,100 oo qof, halka ay ku barakaceen dad kor u dhaafaya 600,000 oo qof. Warbixin ay 2008 soo saartay Human Rights Watch iyo qaar badan oo kasoo baxay hay’adaha dowladda ayaa rabshadahaasi iyo dhimashada ka dhalatayba ku eedeeyay booliska iyo burcad hubaysan. Warbixin uu 2008 soo saaray Guddiga Baaritaanka Rabshadihii Ka Dambeeyay Doorashadii 2007, ayaa ururka mungiki ku eedeeyay dilal iyo inuu qasab buuryada uga jaray taageerayaasha mucaaradka ee ku nool magaalooyinka Naivasha iyo Nakuru.
Dilalka Booliska ay geysteen ee Oktoobar iyo Nofembar ka dhacay Nairobi
Human Rights Watch ayaa diiwaangelisay dilal ay booliska geysteen oo dhacay 26-kii Oktoobar oo ah maalinta ay dhacday doorashada ku celiska ahayd; 17-19 Nofembar, ka dib markii uu safar 10 maalmood ah dibedda uga soo laabtay Raila Odinga; 20-kii Nofembar oo ah maalinta ay Maxkamadda Dalka Ugu Sarraysa ansixisay guushii Kenyatta; iyo 28-ka Nofembar oo ah maalinta Kenyatta la dhaariyay. Inta badan dilalkaasi ayaa dhacay xilliyada ay socdeen dibed baxyada, kulamada dadweynaha iyo maalinta uu Odinga soo laabtay oo booliska ay kolonyadiisa ka horjoogsadeen inay garoonka uga soo gudbaan bartamaha Nairobi oo uu dibed bax ka dhici lahaa.
Goobjoogayaal ayaa sheegay in 17-kii Nofembar ay booliska la geeyay garoonka diyaaradaha iyo wadooyinka waaweyn ee soo gala faras magaalaha ay rasaas ku fureen, isla markaana dileen taageerayaasha mucaaradka ee soo dhaweynayay Odinga. Telefishinnada Kenya ayaa sidoo kale baahiyay muuqaalka boolis dhagxeynaya gawaari ka tirsanaa kolonyada Odinga.
Booliska ayaa sidoo kale wadooyin xiray, isla markaana sunta dadka ka ilmeysiisa ku kala eryay dibed baxayaal, marar bandanna waxa ay rasaas afsaar ah ku fureen dibed baxayaal iyo dad meesha marayay.
Kooxo hubaysan, oo dad goobjoogayaal ah ay ku tilmaameen kuwo taabacsan dowladda, ayaa dilay ugu yaraan 14 qof oo ay diiwaangelisay Human Rights Watch, intooda badanna la laayay Jimcihii uu Odinga soo laabtay iyo maalmihii xigay.
Sideed qof oo goobjoog u ahaa lixda dhacdo ee burcadda hubaysan ay dadka ku dishay ayaa sheegay in 17-kii Nofembar ay arkeen rag hubaysan oo ku sugan suuqa Muthurwa, wadada Landhies ilaa garoonka City Stadium ee dhanka bari kaga beegan bartamaha caasimadda Nairobi, kuwaasoo dalbanayay inay arkaan kaararka aqoonsiga qaran, isla markaana dhinac ula baxayay dadka looga shakiyo inay yihiin taageerayaasha mucaaradka, ayagoo la eegayo qabiilkooda, ka dibna lala dhacayay baangado. Saddex goobjooge ayaa sheegay inay arkeen burcadda oo 100 ilaa 200 oo mitir wadada Landhies ku jiidaya laba meyd, halkaasoo ay markii dambe kasoo qaadeen booliska.
Shan qof oo goobjoogayaal ahaa ayaa sheegay inay arkeen dadka oo la dilayo, ayadoo booliskana ay u jeedaan, ka dibna ay meydadka qaadeen ayagoo aan qaban kooxdii dilka geysatay. Goobjoogayaasha ayaa sheegay in burcadda hubaysan ay ahaayeen mungiki, oo ah maleeshiyo dowladda taabacsan, isla markaana mas’uul ka ahayd inta badan qalalaasihii Kenya ka dhacay ka dib doorashadii 2007.
Ugu yaraan laba qof ayaa la dilay maalmihii xigay doorashada ku celiska ahayd. Subixii 26-ka Oktoobar ayaa booliska waxa ay toogasho ku dileen Willis Ojenge, oo ahaa 30 jir kasoo jeeda magaalada Homabay. Waxaa xilligaa la joogay walaalkii, kaasoo sheegay in Ojenge uu gurigiisa kasoo tegay abaare 9-kii aroornimo si uu usoo dukaameysto, ka dibna uu ku biiray dad dibed baxayay. Waxa uu intaa ku daray inuu arkay walaalkii oo uu eryanayo askari hubaysan, ka dibna jilbaha dhigtay si uu isu dhiibo, balse askariga uu Ojenge ku amray inuu istaago oo uu ordo, ka dibna uu dhabarka ka toogtay.
31-kii Oktoobar, booliska ayaa toogtay Philip Mutisya Musyemi oo 31 jir ahaa, xilli uu ku sugnaa bannaanka gurigiisa uu ku yaal xaafadda Riverside ee Ruaraka. Aabihii oo arkayay falkaasi ayaa sheegay in Mutisya Musyemi uu bannaanka guriga qoyskiisa la fadhiyay afar ka mid ah asxaabtiisa, ka dibna ay u yimaadeen lix askari oo ka tirsan kuwa ka hortagga rabshadaha, kuwaasoo ku eedeeyay inay ka mid ahaayeen dibed baxayaasha, isla markaana rasaas ku furay, waxaana ay Mutisya Musyemi xabbad uga dhacday caloosha. Asaga iyo asxaabtiisaba waxaa dhaawacooda la geeyay Cisbitalka Qaran ee Kenyatta, halkaasoo uu ku dhintay 21-kii Nofembar. Raggii kale ayaa ka kacay dhaawacyadooda.
Inta badan dilalka ayaa dhacay 17-kii Nofembar, maalintaasi oo taageerayaasha mucaaradka ay isu soo baxyo ka dhigeen wadooyinka waaweyn ee Nairobi, si ay usoo dhaweeyaan Raila Odinga oo dibedda kasoo laabtay.
Abaare 11-kii barqanimo, xataa ka hor inta aanu Raila Odinga soo degin, ayaa waxaa la sheegay in askari boolis ah uu toogasho ku dilay Patrick Muasya oo 39 jir ahaa, xilli uu isku dayay inuu dhinac ka maro dad dibad bax ka samaynayay meel u dhaw xarunta shirkadda gawaaridda GM ee wadada Mombasa ee ka timaada garoonka. Muasya, oo ka mid ahaa waratada Nairobi, isla markaana deganaa xaafadda Mukuru Kwa Reuben, ayaa xilligaa u socday tuulada uu kasoo jeedo, waxaana ay boolisku ka toogteen feeraha, sida uu sheegay saaxiibkii oo la socday.
Abaare 2-dii duhurnimo, ayaa booliska waxa ay toogasho ku dileen Tom Atura oo 30 jir ahaa, kaasoo ka mid ahaa dhalinyarada ku mudaharaadeysay xaafadda Kawangware 56, isla markaana xiray wadooyinka. Qof ka mid ah qaraabada Atura oo la socday, ayaa sheegay in booliska ay u muuqdeen kuwa rasaasta wax disha ku beegsanaya dibed baxayaasha iyo dadka xaafadda, mararka qaarna rasaas ku ridayay guryaha iyo meheradaha. Baaritaanka uu sameeyay dhakhtarka dowladda, oo nuqul ka mid ah ay heshay Human Rights Watch, ayaa muujinaya in ninkaasi ay afar xabbadood uga dhaceen madaxa iyo xabadka.
Kow iyo toban qof oo goobjoogayaal ahaa ayaa Human Rights Watch u sheegay in ugu yaraan lix nin oo dhalinyaro ah lagu dilay wadada Landhies, markii ay kolonyada Odinga iyo taageerayaashii usoo dhaqaaqeen bartamaha Nairobi. Haweeney ka mid ah ganacsatada suuqa Muthurwa, isla markaana goobjoog u ahayd dilka Evans Owino, 23 jir ahaa arday kuleej, ayaa sheegtay in abaare 4-tii galabnimo ay booliska dhabarka ka toogteen xilli uu doonayay inuu soo dhaweeyo Odinga. Aabaha dhalay Owimo ayaa u sheegay Human Rights Watch in booliska iyo IPOA toona aanay waraysan dadka goobjooga u ahaa dilka wiilkiisa.
Booliska ayaa abaare 4-tii galabnimo sidoo kale toogasho ku dilay Elisha Osenyo, oo ahaa 25 jir ka shaqeeya dhismaha, waxyar un ka dib markii ay agtiisa mareen kolonyada Odinga, sida uu sheegay nin arkayay dilkiisa. Osenyo ayaa kasoo kallahay gurigiisa oo ku yaal Kangemi, waxaana uu barqadii wacay ciddiisa, asagoo u sheegay inuu soo socdo maadaama ay xiisad ka jirto magaalada, sida uu sheegay ina adeerkii. Balse ma aanu gaarin gurigiisa. Booliska ayaa abaare 9-kii fiidnimo meydkiisa ka qaaday wadada Landhies, waxaana ay geeyeen goobta meydadka la dhigo ee Nairobi City Mortuary, sida uu muujinayo diiwaanka xaruntaasi. Warbixinta dhakhtarka dowladda ayaa muujinaysa in Osenyo ay xabbad uga dhacday kilkisha, ayna waxyeellaysay wadnihiisa, isla markaana uu goobta ku naf baxay.
Galabnimadii 17-ka Nofembar, booliska ka hortagga rabshadaha ayaa qolofka sunta dadka ka ilmeysiisa feeraha uga dhuftay Kennedy Owino, oo ahaa 30 jir degan xaafadda Kibera, sidaa ayuuna ku dhintay, sida uu sheegay walaalkiis. Owino ayaa walaalkii ka weyn kula sugnaa garoonka diyaaradaha, ka dibna waxa uu ka qeyb qaatay dibed baxyo ka dhacay xaafaddiisa. Goobjooge ka tirsanaa dadka mudaharaadayay ayaa sheegay in askari ka tirsan booliska GSU loo yaqaano, oo loo diray inay kala eryaan dibed baxayaasha, uu qolofkaasi ku dhuftay Owino.
Dadka kale ee ku dhintay gacanta booliska 17-kii Nofembar, ayaa waxaa ka mid ah Josephat Sakas oo ahaa 39 jir, kaasoo ay ehelkiisa iyo goobjoogayaal sheegeen in booliska ay ku toogteen wadada Landhies; Maurice Otieno Odipo oo ahaa 23 jir ka soo jeeda xaafadda Kawangware, kaasoo ay goobjoogayaal sheegay in booliska ay ku dileen wadada Landhies. Human Rights Watch ayaa sidoo kale aragtay diiwaan muujinaya in booliska ay habeenkii 17-ka Nofembar qolka meydadka ee City Mortuary geeyeen shan meyd oo dheeraad ah.
19-kii Nofembar, booliska ayaa toogaysho ku dilay Gabriel Onyango Obiero, oo ahaa 35 jir ka shaqeeya warshad gawaarida samaysa, xilli uu abaare 8:30 aroornimo marayay wadada outer ring. Xaaskiisa ayaa sheegtay in deegaankaasi ay xiisad ka taagneyd, ka dib markii ay warbaahinta tebisay in meydadka shan qof oo la dilay lagu daadiyay wadooyinka xaafadda Riverside ee Babadogo. Onyango Obiero oo ka cabsi qabay inay rabsho dhici doonto, ayaa 8-dii aroornimo aaday bangiga si uu lacag ugala soobaxo. Qof dukaan ku haysta agagaarka wadada outer ring, isla markaana arkayay dilka, ayaa sheegay in Onyango Obiero uu kasoo dul dhacay booliska oo ururinaya meydadka wadada yaallay, ka dibna ay gabar boolis ah rasaas ku furtay oo ay dishay Onyango Obiero xilli uu wadada marayay.
Isla 19-kii Nofembar, booliska ayaa abaare 5-tii galabnimo xaafadda Mathare 4A toogasho ku dilay Stephen Mbaluka Mbui, oo ahaa 17 jir dhigta dugsiga sare, asagoo markaa salaam ugu socday guriga adeerkii. Qof ka mid ah deriska ayaa arkay Stephan oo dhexmaraya booliska ka hortagga rabshadaha oo xilligaasi xakameynayay dibed baxayaal halkaa ku sugnaa, iyo mid ka mid ah askartaasi uu qeybta dambe ee madaxa ka toogtay. Stephen ayaa daqiiqado ka dib ku dhintay xarun caafimaad oo hay’adda MSF ay ku leedahay xaafadda Islii, sida uu sheegay adeerkii. Mudaharaad weyn ayaa ka dhashay dilkiisa, booliskana waxa ay ku jawaabeen hawlgal guri ka guri ah oo ay ka sameeyeen xaafadda Mathare 4A, ayagoo halkaa ku garaacay dad u badnaa rag.
20-kii Nofembar, booliska ayaa abaare 9-kii fiidnimo xaafadda Kariobangi feeraha xabbad uga dhuftay Elvis Otieno Ogutu, oo ahaa 30 ka shaqeeya dhismaha, asagoo isla markiiba goobta ku dhintay. Dadka deegaanka ayaa sheegay in booliska ka hortagga rabshadaha xaafaddaasi la geeyay, ayadoo laga cabsi qabay inay dhibaato ka dhacdo. Qof ka mid ah ehelka Otieno Ogutu ayaa sheegay inuu qoyskiisa u raadiyay khudaar. Dilkiisa ayaa dhaliyay mudaharaad ka dhacay xaafadda, booliskana waxa ay ku jawaabeen hawlgal guri ka guri ah, ayagoona garaac iyo dhaawac u geystay tobanaan ka mid ah dadka deegaanka.
Sidoo kale 20-kii Nofembar, askari boolis ah oo ka tirsan saldhigga Ayany ayaa xaafadda Olympic ee Kibera toogasho ku dilay David Omondi Otieno oo ahaa 22 jir, sida uu sheegay walaalkii oo arkayay dilkiisa. Omondi ayaa waxyar un ka hor inta aanay boolisku dilin waxa uu xiray dukaankiisa, ka dib rabsho ka dhalatay go’aanka Maxkamadda Ugu Sarraysa dalka. Diiwaanka saldhigga booliska ee Kilimani oo ay aragtay Human Rights Watch ayaa muujinaya in boolisku ay ninkaa toogteen asagoo “boob” geysanaya. Warbixinta dhakhtarka dowladda ayaa muujinaysa in Otieno Ogutu uu u dhintay xabbad qura oo uga dhacday qeybta hore ee wajiga. Xubnaha qoyskiisa ayaa sheegay in dilkiisa ku wargeliyeen saldhigga booliska ee Industrial Area iyo IPOA, balse aanay ogeyn wax baaritaan ah oo socda. Sida kiisaska kaleba, boolisku kama aanay jawaabin su’aalaha ay Human Rights Watch ka weydiisay dilkan.
Dibed baxyo iyo xiisad siyaasadeed ayaa ka jiray qeybo badan oo ay magaalada Nairobi ku xooggan yihiin taageerayaasha mucaaradka ilaa inta laga gaarayay 28-kii Nofembar, markaasi oo la dhaariyay Kenyatta. Booliska ayaa maalintaasi xiray wadooyinka, waxaana ay sunta dadka ka ilmeysiisa ku kala eryeen dad isu soo baxay, halka ay rasaas nool noolna u adeegsadeen si ay Odinga uga horjoogsadaan inuu taageerayaashiisa kula kulmo bariga Nairobi.
Human Rights Watch ayaa ogaatay in booliska uu maalintaasi dilay ugu yaraan saddex qof oo ka mid ah taageerayaasha mucaaradka xaafadaha Embakasi iyo Donholm, uuna ka mid yahay Geoffrey Mutinda, oo ahaa 7 jir ay xabbad ku dhacday xilli uu saarnaa balakoonka gurigooda oo ku yaal Embakasi. Dad goobjoog ahaa ayaa sheegay in ilaa subixii ay booliska xakamaynayeen dhalinyaro kasoo horjeeday munaasabadda dhaarinta madaxweynaha, isla markaana wadooyinka xiray, dhagaxna tuurayay. Waxa ay sheegeen in booliska ka hortagga rabshadaha ay adeegsanayeen rasaas nool nool, ayagoona si aan kala sooc lahayn rasaas ugu furayay guryaha iyo dadka wadada maraya iyo sidoo kale dibed baxayaasha.
Abaare 11-kii barqanimo, booliska ayaa toogasho ku dilay Faith Oduor Onyango, oo ahaa 30 jir ku sugnaa Kawangware 56, isla markaana khudaar usoo iibinayay qoyskiisa, sida uu sheegay qof ka mid ah ehelkiisa oo dilkiisa arkayay: “Waxa uu booliska kula kulmay meel dhowr mitir u jirta albaabka gurigiisa, askari ka mid ahaa ayaana caloosha ka toogtay.” Warbixinta dhakhtarka dowladda, oo ay aragtay Human Rights Watch, ayaa xaqiijisay in xabbada ay xiidamaha jartay.
Dadka kale ee ay boolisku dileen 28-kii Nofembar, ayaa waxaa ka mid ah Erick Ochieng, oo ahaa 28 jir, ayna goobjoogayaal sheegeen in booliska ay ku dileen deegaanka Embakasi. Intii ay socotay munaasabadda dhaarinta Kenyatta, ayaa Odinga waxa uu isku dayay inuu kulan dadweyne ku qabto Embakasi, balse booliska ayaa xiray goobta, waxaana ay kala direen taageerayaashiisa, ayagoo u adeegsanaya sunta dadka ka ilmaysiisa iyo burar.
Dilalka ay geysteen burcadda hubaysan
Goobjoogayaal ayaa Human Rights Watch u sheegay in burcad hubaysan oo ay rumaysan yihiin inay taabacsan yihiin dowladda, ay xaafado kala duwan oo ka tirsan Nairobi ku weerarreen dadka ay u arkayeen taageerayaasha mucaaradka, ayagoo ku aqoonsanayay qabiilkooda. Waxa ay sheegeen in burcadda ay dhibbanayaasha dharbaaxaysay, laadeysay, ayna baangado ku jarjaraysay. Goobjoogayaasha ayaa burcaddaasi ku tilmaamay “mungiki,” oo ah koox dalka laga mamnuucay, balse xubnaheeda ay ka hawlgalaan Nairobi, bartamaha Kenya iyo qeybo ka mid ah gobolka Rift Valley.
Human Rights Watch ayaa diiwaangelisay ugu yaraan 14 dil oo u muuqday inay geysatay burcaddaasi hubaysan. 16-kii Nofembar, xiisad ayaa ka dhalatay soo laabashada Odinga oo ku beegneyd maalinta xigtay, dad goobjoogayaal ahna waxa ay sheegeen in habeenkaasi ay dhalinyaro hubaysan oo taabacsan dowladda ay weerarreen Martin Otieno Olot, oo ahaa 33 jir suuqa River road ee bartamaha Nairobi ku leh dukaan lagu sameeyo fanaanadaha daabacan. Waxa uu fanaanado u diyaarinayay taageerayaasha NASA.
“Koox dhalinyaro ah ayaa xoog ku galay dukaankiisa, waxayna garaacayeen ilaa uu ka miyir daboolmay,” ayuu yiri goobjooge habeenkaasi ku sugnaa xafiis meesha u dhaw. “Dukaanka ayay kor uga xireen, ka dibna waxa ay ku dhex tureen bam laga sameeyay batrool.” Walaalkii ayaa sheegay in inkastoo Otieno Olot ay u gurmadeen dab demiska oo kusoo orday qaraxa, uu saddex maalmood ka dib u dhintay gubashadii iyo dhaawacyadii kasoo gaaray baangadda. Diiwaanka cisbitaalka ayaa muujinaya in boqolkiiba 86 uu jirkiisa gubtay.
Inta badan dilalka ayaa dhacay mudadii u dhexeysay 17-ka ilaa 20-ka Nofembar. Galabnimadii 17-ka Nofembar, koox dhalinyaro hubaysan ah ayaa weerarray Stephen Omondi, oo ahaa arday 20 jir ah, asagoo xilligaasi ku sugnaa dukaan uu qoyskiisa ku leeyahay suuqa Muthurwa ee bartamaha Nairobi. Qof ehelkiisa ah oo arkay weerarka ayaa yiri: “dhalinyarada ayaa meydkiisa ka jiiday suuqa, waxaana booliska oo u jeeda ay ku tureen wadada.”
Goobjoogayaal ayaa sheegay in 17-kii Nofembar ay booliska abaare 2-dii duhurnimo wadada Joogoo toogasho ku dileen Kennedy Odhong Obel, oo ahaa 30 jir. Qof ehelkiisa ah oo la noolaa ayaa sheegay in Odhong Obel uu ka mid ahaa boqolaal dhalinyaro ah oo usoo baxay soo dhaweynta Odinga oo kasoo laabtay safar dibedda ah. Inkastoo ay goobjoogayaasha sheegeen inay arkayeen booliska oo luqunta ka toogtay ninkaasi, ayaa warbixinta dhakhtarka dowladda waxa ay muujinaysaa arin taa ka duwan. Warbixinta ayaa lagu sheegay inuu u dhintay dhaawac kasoo gaaray walax caarad leh ka oo mudday luqunta.
Isla maalintaasi, ehelada Collins Owino, oo ahaa 33 jir ah farsamo yaqaan qalabka biyaha, ayaa sheegay in aanu kusoo laaban gurigiisa oo ku yaal xaafadda Shauri Moyo ee bariga Nairobi. Qof ay isla shaqeynayeen ayaa sheegay in taageerayaasha Jubilee oo ku hubaysan baangado ay aqoonsadeen qabiilkiisa ka dib markii ay luuqadiisa tijaabiyeen, sidaana ay ku dileen. “Taageerayaasha xisbiga Jubilee ayaa weydiiyay inuu ku hadlo luuqada Kikuyu. Markii uu ku hadli waayay ayay ku billaabeen jug iyo baangad, booliskana way fiirsanayeen.”
Laba maalmood ka dib, qoyska ayaa meydkiisa ka helay qolka meydadka ee City Mortuary, waxaana meydka oo dhaawacyo baangad ah madaxa iyo gacmaha ku leh halkaa geeyay askari boolis ah. Warbixin uu qoray dhakhtarka dowladda ayaa muujinaysa in Owino uu u dhintay dhaawacyo iyo dhiig bax daran.
Isla maalintaasi, dhalinyaro hubaysan oo goobjoogayaasha ay uga shakiyeen inay yihiin taageerayaasha xisbiga Jubilee ayaa dilay John Omondi Ojwang, oo ahaa 33 jir makaanig ah. Waxa ay ku dileen meel u dhaw suuqa Burma oo aan sidaa uga fogeyn saldhigga booliska ee Kamukunji ee bariga Nairobi, sida ay sheegeen goobjoogayaal iyo xubnaha qoyskiisa. Laba qof oo ka tirsan qoyskaasi iyo saddex goobjoogayaal ah ayaa sheegay in burcadda dowladda taabacsan ay sidoo kale mas’uul ka ahayd dilal loo geystay Kennedy Okoth Barasa, oo 30 jir ahaa, iyo Mary Atieno, oo 31 jir ahayd, kana soo jeeday xaafadda Kibera. Labaduba waxay ka mid ahaayeen dadka Odinga kusoo dhaweynayay garoonka, waxaana la dhaawacay ayagoo guryahooda usoo socda, dhaawacyadaasi oo ay markii dambe u dhinteen, sida ay sheegeen goobjoogayaal.
Goobjooge ayaa sheegay in dhalinyarada taabacsan xisbiga talada haya ay meel u dhaw garoonka City Stadium ku garaaceen Kennedy Okoth Barasa, oo 35 jir ahaa, kaasoo dhintay afar maalmood ka dib. Warbixinta dhakhtarka dowladda ayaa muujinaysa inuu u dhintay dhiig bax gudaha jirkiisa ka dhacay. Qof ay qaraabo yihiin oo la socday Atieno ayaa sheegay in la weerarray oo la dilay xilli ay ku laabanaysay gurigeeda oo ku yaal xaafadda Kibera.
19-kii Nofembar, warbaahinta Kenya ayaa tebisay in afar qof oo meyd ah laga helay wadooyinka xaafadda Riverside. Dadkaasi oo kasoo jeeday xaafadaha Riverside, Babadogo iyo Dandora ayaa waxaa xilli habeen ah dilay dad aan la aqoon. Dad xaafadda ku nool iyo waardiye ka badbaaday weerarkaasi ayaa u sheegay Human Rights Watch inay arkeen nin tijaabo luuqada ah ka qaadaya dadka, isla markaana dilaya kuwa u jawaabi waaya. “Waxa uu marka hore igu salaamay luuqada Kikuyu, markaan ku jawaabay Sawaaxili-na waxa uu ila soo aaday baangad,” ayuu yiri waardiyaha. Qof kale oo ka badbaaday weerarka ayaa yiri, “Waxa uu tooganayay ama baangad lasoo aadayay qof kasta oo ugu jawaabi waaya luuqadiisa. Waxa uu u arkayay in taasi ay ka dhigan tahay inaad taageersan tahay NASA.”
Dad goobjoogayaal ah ayaa sheegay in isla maalintaasi ay koox looga shakiyay inay taageero u yihiin xisbiga Jubilee ay garaac nafta uga jareen George Owino Odhiambo oo 40 jir ahaa. Walalkii ayaa sheegay in kooxdaasi ay meydka kasoo tureen waddo kor marta oo ah kala wareegga isku xira Kariobangi iyo Huruma. “Markaan soo qaadnay meydka, waxaa jabnaa dhammaan lafihiisa – gacmaha, lugaha iyo dhabarka ayuu ka jabnaa meesha laga soo tuuray awgeed. Sidoo kale waxaa jirkiisa oo dhan ka muuqday dhaawacyo kasoo gaaray baangad.”
Mararka qaar waxaa dhacday in dhalinyaro taabacsan mucaaradka ay la dagaallameen ama weerarreen taageerayaasha xisbiga talada haya. Galabnimadii 17-ka Nofembar, ka dib rabshadihii dhacay iyo dilalka ay geysteen booliska, ayaa dhalinyaro taageersan mucaaradka waxa ay deegaanka warshadaha ee Nairobi ku dileen Patrick Baariu Kathure, oo ahaa 25 jir ganacsade ah. Eedadii ayaa sharraxaad ka bixisay dhaawacyada jirkiisa ka muuqday markii ay meydkiisa ka heleen cisbitaalka Matter ee xaafaddaasi. “Duleel weyn ayaa kaga yaallay isha bidix. Ishaasina waa laga tuuray. Sidoo kale dhaawac weyn ayaa uga yaallay qoorta, daabankana waxa uu ku lahaa dhaawac baangad.”
Qof goobjooge ah ayaa sheegay in 19-kii Nofembar ay xaafadda Dandora dhalinyaro hubaysan oo mucaaradka taageersan ku dileen George Mwambura, oo ahaa 34 ganacsade ah. “Dhaawacyo waaweyn ayaa gacanta, dhabarka, garabka iyo madaxa uga yaallay George,” ayuu yiri aabihii, oo intaa ku daray. “ilkaha oo dhan ayaa laga daadiyay.”
Human Rights Watch ma aanay xaqiijin heybta burcadda dadka laysay intii lagu guda jiray xilliga doorashada. Human Rights Watch ma aanay arag wax caddeyn ah oo muujinaya in booliska ay baaritaan ku samaynayaan dowrka burcaddaasi ee rabshadihii dhacay xilliga doorashada. Bishii Agoosto, wasiirka arimaha gudaha, Fred Matiang’i, ayaa beeniyay warar ay saxaafaddu sheegtay oo ah in burcad taageersan dowladda ay weerartay dad ku nool xaafadaha ay mucaaradka ku xooggan yihiin ee Nairobi, waxaana uu ku hanjabay inuu xabsiga dhigayo dadka jeedinaya eedeymahaasi.
