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Prohibited Identities: State Interference with Religious Freedom

Prohibited Identities

State Interference with Religious Freedom

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More on Human Rights Watch's work on Religious Freedom

I. Summary and Introduction

Egyptian Law and International Law

Shari’a and Egypt’s Plural Legal System

Religious Conversion

Remedies

II. Recommendations

To the government of Egypt

III. Religious and National Identity in Egypt

Identity Documents and Religion

“Recognized” Religions and Public Order

Conversion from Islam and Public Order

Freedom of Religion, Shari`a, and Public Order

The Computerization Deadline

IV. Egypt’s Baha’is and the Policy of Erasure

V. Conversion and Freedom of Religion

VI. No Return: Official Obstacles to Re-converting to Christianity

VII. In the Name of the Father: Involuntary “Conversions”

VIII. Freedom of Religion and Human Rights Law

International Standards

Freedom of Religion and Egyptian Law

Methodology

About This Report

Appendix: Human Rights Watch Letters to the Egyptian Minister of Interior on National ID Cards

November 2007 Volume 19, No. 7(E)