The Philippines is a multi-party democracy, with an elected president and legislature, a thriving civil society, and a vibrant media. Several key institutions, including the judiciary, remain weak. The military and police commit human rights violations with impunity. The Aquino administration has promised reforms but has achieved little progress. Killings and “disappearances” of leftist activists and petty criminals continue, with the government failing to address involvement by security forced and local officials. Armed opposition groups, including the communist New People’s Army and various Islamist Moro groups, commit serious abuses against civilians.