（耶路撒冷）－人权观察今天发布影片说明，关于2023年10月7日哈马斯领导枪手攻击的四段影片经查核属实，显示三起故意杀人实况。相关攻击行为应以涉嫌战争罪予以调查。
2023年10月7日清晨，成群结队的武装男子突破以色列与加沙边界围篱，入侵以色列南部地区。据以色列官员表示，至少1,400人被杀害，其中多为平民，包括儿童。人权观察将持续针对这些事件及其他相关事件进行战争罪调查。
「由这些攻击行动可见，国际刑事法院正在进行中的调查十分重要，」人权观察危机与冲突部主任艾达・索耶（Ida Sawyer）说。 「国际刑事法院检察官已表明，她可能就巴勒斯坦武装团体在以色列以及以色列当局在加沙的严重犯罪展开调查。」
在10月7日屠杀事件后，以色列随即对加沙发动数千次空袭作为回应，加沙卫生部表示有数千人遭到杀害，包括许多儿童。加沙武装团体则向以色列平民居住区发射数千枚火箭弹，造成更多伤亡。
以色列自2007年起持续封锁加沙走廊，并对巴勒斯坦人进行了数十年的有系统镇压。
国际人道法（或称武装冲突法）严禁以平民为攻击目标，故意攻击和杀害平民是触犯战争罪的行为。冲突一方违法和侵犯人权不能作为另一方违法（包括攻击平民）的理由。
阅读这支影片的文字描述
On the morning of October 7, 2023, heavily-armed Hamas-led fighters breached the fences with Gaza and entered southern Israel.
They killed at least 1,400 people, many of them civilians, including children, according to the Israeli military in their homes, in bomb shelters, and on roads as they fled.
Since October 7, Israel has responded with thousands of airstrikes on Gaza, killing thousands of people, including hundreds of children, according to officials.
Armed groups in Gaza have fired thousands of rockets into civilian areas of Israel, further inflicting casualties.
Since 2007, Israel has maintained a closure on the Gaza Strip and, for decades, systematically repressed Palestinians.
Under international law, there can be no justification for targeting civilians.
Human Rights Watch investigations into grave abuses in Israel and Palestine are ongoing.
The Digital Investigations Lab at Human Rights Watch is reviewing hundreds of photos and videos showing unfolding abuses.
As part of this work, the research team has verified a series of videos dashcam and security camera footage from October 7 shared on Telegram by The South First Responders.
The videos show gunmen targeting people in the vicinity of the Supernova music festival, near Re’im in Southern Israel, and in Israeli border communities.
Human Rights Watch is investigating these attacks and others as war crimes.
The first video, taken at 7:55 am, according to the timestamp, shows seven gunmen, including several who scream in Arabic and kick a shirtless man near the Re’im Junction bus stop, a few minutes’ walk south from the festival grounds.
All four videos analyzed by researchers include coordinates or a description of the location,in addition to a time and date stamp.
The Digital Investigations Lab used this information, analyzing satellite imagery and open source data as well as the shadows in each video, to verify the location and timing.
In the first video, one gunman shouts, "guys, inside, inside here," and they appear to argue about the inside of a shelter.
Another gunman throws a device into the shelter. A man dressed in civilian clothes dashes out
The gunmen scream, take aim,and shoot at him as he tries to flee.
Seconds later, there is an explosion inside the shelter.
It is unclear from the footage if either man in the video survived.
In a second video, captured around 8:43 am, a fatally shot man in civilian clothing bleeds on the ground in front of Kibbutz Mefalsim, some 24 kilometers from the bus stop in Re’im.
A group of gunmen congregate in front of a structure close to the dead man, and one throws a device towards the structure.
15 seconds later, there is an explosion and a gunman drags out an individual shoots them at close range, and beats them with the butt of his rifle as the other gunmen look on.
In a third video, taken at 9:23 am that same day, footage shows a dusty parking lot next to the Supernova festival grounds,
A gunman shoots towards a bloodied man in civilian clothing crouching next to a car before leading him off camera.
Another man, who briefly looks up and moves his leg before lying still, is on the ground behind a vehicle.
He does not appear armed.
A gunman runs up to him, aims the rifle at his head, and shoots him at close range.
His body jolts from the impact, and then goes limp.
In a fourth video, captured by the same dashcam just over two and a half hours later, at 12:12 pm, the victim is seen lying on the ground in the same position, unmoving, indicating he may be dead.
Men with the gunmen are seen taking small items out of his pockets before looting the car, where they find a woman hiding inside.
They lead her away, off camera.
Her fate is unknown.
Intentionally targeting and killing civilians are war crimes under international humanitarian law.
Over the coming weeks and months, Human Rights Watch will share additional research findings, building out a body of evidence of grave abuses in Israel and Palestine, and calling for perpetrators to be held to account.
人权观察分析的这三宗事件都是在10月7日被行车记录器和保全摄影机拍下。相关影片由「南方急救员」（South First Responders）帐号分享至Telegram。
人权观察核实这批影片的方式是，查核每一段影片的座标、时间戳记和日期戳记，并比对卫星影像、开源影像和阴影以确认事件发生的时间地点。
事件1
在一段经核实影片中，即行车记录器在上午7:55拍摄的画面，可看到七名持枪男子（其中数人操阿拉伯语喊叫）踢打一名上身赤膊男子，地点在雷伊姆（Re'im）交叉路口公车站旁的防空洞外，即遇袭的「超新星」（Supernova）音乐节会场以南徒步几分钟之处。一名枪手用阿拉伯语大喊「兄弟们！里面，这个里面！」，众枪手短暂争论后，另一名枪手朝防空洞投入不明物体。随即，一名著平民服装男子冲出，众枪手大叫并瞄准这名企图逃走的男子，从他背后予以射击。在他们开枪同时，防空洞内发生爆炸。影片在此中断，两名男子生死不明。美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）于10月9日到达这座防空洞采访，据报洞内遍布血迹。
事件2
在第二段经核实的影片中，即保全摄影机于上午8:43拍摄的画面，可看到一名著平民服装男子似遭枪击死亡倒卧血泊，地点在梅法勒西姆基布兹（Kibbutz Mefalsim）外，距雷伊姆公车站约24公里。多名枪手包围死者遗体旁一座建筑物，其中一人朝建筑物投入不明物体。 15秒后，建筑物内部发生爆炸，枪手拖出一人予以近距离射杀并以枪托重击，其他枪手在旁围观。
事件3
在第三段经核实影片中，即上午9:23拍摄的行车记录器画面，可以看到超新星音乐节场地旁沙土地上的临时停车场。背景有黑烟升起。一名枪手朝一名蹲在汽车旁身穿染血平民服装的男子开枪，然后将他拽到画面外。另一名似乎无武装的男子在一辆汽车车尾下面稍微抬头伸腿后倒卧不动。一名枪手见状跑到他身边，以步枪瞄准他的头部开枪。他的身体因中弹抽动了一下，随即瘫软。
第四段经核实的影片，由同一具行车记录器在两个半小时后即下午12:12拍摄并上传社交媒体，被害人以同样姿态倒卧原处一动不动，很可能已经死亡。数名男子从被害人口袋取出一些小东西，随后洗劫车内物品，并找到藏身车内的一名女子。他们把女子带走，离开画面。她的遭遇不明。
国际刑事法院检察官可以针对此次冲突中以色列和巴勒斯坦武装团体双方被控的战争罪行进行调查。 2021年3月3日，国际刑事法院检察官办公室已就2014年6月13日以后发生在巴勒斯坦领土内的重大犯罪指控立案调查。巴勒斯坦于2015年4月1日成为国际刑事法院成员之一。人权观察于10月13日呼吁国际刑事法院尽速公开说明该法院对于当前巴勒斯坦武装团体和以色列的冲突具有何种职权。
人权观察未来将持续公布相关研究发现，为以色列与巴勒斯坦境内重大人权迫害累积证据，并呼吁追究相关人员罪责。
