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Fatally Flawed:
Cluster Bombs and their use by the United States in Afghanistan
Acronyms Used In Reportiii
I. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Methodology
Outline of Report
Recommendations
To minimize the humanitarian harm of cluster bombs during
strikes
To minimize the aftereffects of cluster bombs
To improve clearance
To develop better cluster bomb controls for the future
II. WHAT ARE CLUSTER BOMBS?
III. CONCERNS ABOUT CLUSTER BOMBS
Humanitarian Problems
Cluster Bombs and International Humanitarian Law..
Proposed Cluster Bomb Protocol: CCW Process
IV. CLUSTER BOMB USE IN AFGHANISTAN..
The War in Afghanistan
Public Debate over Cluster Bombs
V. TARGETING, OR IMMEDIATE EFFECTS
Military Bases and Frontlines
Controversial Targets: Cluster Bombs in Villages
Ainger
Ishaq Suleiman
Qala Shater
Conclusions and Recommendations
VI. AFTEREFFECTS
Civilian Casualties from Duds
Socioeconomic Impact
Military Impact
Conclusions and Recommendations
VII. CLEARANCE EFFORTS
Cluster Clearance in Afghanistan
Clearance Difficulties and Dangers
Awareness (Risk Education) Programs
U.S. Role
Conclusions and Recommendations
VIII. PRIOR U.S. USE OF CLUSTER BOMBS
The Gulf War
Yugoslavia
Afghanistan: Lessons Learned and Not Learned
Conclusion: Lessons for the Future
APPENDIX: CLUSTER BOMB INCIDENTS
Central Region (Shomali Plain)
Northern Region (area around Kunduz and Mazar-i-Sharif)
Southern Region (area around Kandahar)
Western Region (area around Herat)
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Human Rights Watch: Mission Statement
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