“I Saw It with My Own Eyes”

Map: Tibetan Autonomous Areas within the People’s Republic of China

I. Summary

Key Recommendations

II. Methodology

III. Background

Tibetans in China

Statutory Restrictions on Assembly and Procession

Forced Confessions: A Nationwide Problem

Failure to Protect Peaceful Advocacy for Autonomy or Independence

IV. Disproportionate Use of Force

Case 1. The Lhasa Unrest, March 10-15

China’s Security Forces in Tibet

Tibetans Sentenced for Reporting the Situation in Lhasa

Case 2: Shooting in Aba [Tib. Ngaba], March 16, 2008

Arrests and Detention in Tongren [Tib. Rebgong], Qinghai Province, March 16

Case 3: Shooting in Donggu [Tongkor monastery], April 4, 2008

Case 4: Other Shootings in Ganzi [Tib. Kardze] Prefecture

V. Brutalization and Mistreatment of Detainees

Arrests and Detention

Sweeps and Raids on Monasteries

“I saw it with my own eyes” —People’s Armed Police Brutality in Lhasa

Official Measures for Dealing Strictly with Rebellious Monasteries in Ganzi [Tib. Kardze]

Abuses in Detention

Torture to Gain Information and Confessions

VI. Disappearances and Politicized Prosecutions

Prosecutions in the Tibet Autonomous Region

Arrests and Prosecutions in Gansu and Sichuan Provinces

Doubts Over ‘Voluntary Surrenders’

Systemic Lack of Due Process in Judicial Proceedings

Convictions of Tibetan Protesters in Ganzi [Tib. Kardze]

VII. International Standards

Use of Force in Police Operations

The UN Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials

Right to Peaceful Assembly and Expression

Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty and Enforced Disappearances

Torture and Ill-Treatment

VIII. Detailed Recommendations

To the Chinese Government

To the United Nations

To the International Community and China’s International Partners, in particular the US government, the European Union, India, UK, France and Germany

X. Acknowledgements

XI. Appendix: Tibetan Autonomous Areas of China (Official Transcription)