Black Hole:

I. Summary

II. Torture in Egypt and the Prohibition Against Involuntary Return

The Prohibition against Refoulement

The Arab Convention for the Suppression of Terrorism...

III. Who are the Jihadists?

IV. The Role of the United States

V. Bad Precedent: The 1995 and 1998 Renditions

Tal`at Fu'ad Qassim...

Breaking the Tirana Cell

VI. Muhammad al-Zawahiri and Hussain al-Zawahiri

VII. From Stockholm to Cairo: Ahmad `Agiza and Muhammad Al-Zari`

Ahmad `Agiza's trial

VIII. Cairo to Kabul to Guantanamo: the `Abd al-Salam al-Hila case

IX. The Egypt-Yemen "Exchange Renditions": The Abduction of Gen.Ahmad Salem `Ubaid

X. Trade-Off: The Rendition to Egypt of Sayyid Imam al-Sharif, `Issam Shu`aib, Khalifa Bidaiwi al-Sayyid al-Badawi, Ali`Abd al-Rahim, `Uthman al-Samman, and `Abd al-`Aziz Musa Dawud al-Gamal

XI. Recommendations

To the Government of Egypt

To the Member States of the League of Arab States

To the United States, the Member States of the European Union, and the International Community

Acknowledgements

Appendix: Known and Reported Renditions to Egypt 1994-2004