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FINGERS TO THE BONE
UNITED STATES FAILURE TO PROTECT CHILD FARMWORKERS
I. SUMMARY..
II.
RECOMMENDATIONS
To The
United States Congress
To the Wage
and Hour Division, United States Department of Labor
To The
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), United States Department
of Labor, and to "State-Plan" States
To The
Environmental Protection Agency
To All
States
III.
ADOLESCENT FARMWORKERS IN THE UNITED STATES: ENDANGERMENT AND EXPLOITATION
Introduction
Farmworker
Poverty
Vulnerability
of Farmworkers
Farm Labor
Contractors
Health and
Safety Risks
Pesticides
Sanitation
Hazardous
Conditions; Work-Related Illnesses
Heat
Illnesses
Musculoskeletal
Trauma
Carbon
Monoxide Poisoning Incident in Washington State
Hazardous
Equipment; Work-Related Injuries
Depression
and Substance Abuse
Underage
Workers
Wage and
Hour Concerns
Wage Fraud:
Earning Less than Minimum Wage
Excessive
and Inappropriate Hours of Work
The Effect
of Long Hours on Health and Education
The Effect
of Farmwork on Education
Special
Risks to Girls
Sexual
Harassment
IV. U.S.
LAWS AND THEIR ENFORCEMENT:
AN ONGOING
FAILURE TO PROTECT CHILDREN..
WORKING IN
AGRICULTURE..
The Fair
Labor Standards Act and Enforcement by the Department of Labor
Proposed
Amendments to the FLSA Regarding Child Labor in Agriculture
Enforcement
of the FLSA..
Inadequate
Resources
Child Labor
in Agriculture Not a Priority
Ineffective
Sanctions
Growers'
Avoidance of Liability
Failure to
Coordinate with States
The Worker
Protection Standard and other Environmental Protection Agency Regulations and
their Enforcement
Arizona
Enforcement of EPA Regulations
Field
Sanitation Standards: Federal OSHA and OSHA-Approved State Plans and their
Enforcement
Arizona OSHA..
V. FAILURE
TO COMPLY WITH INTERNATIONAL LAW...
Violation of
International Non-Discrimination Laws
ILO
Convention Concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Elimination of the Worst
Forms of Child Labour (Worst Forms of Child Labor Convention)
The
Convention on the Rights of the Child
APPENDIX A:
Selected Provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act, 29 U.S.C. §§ 201 - 219
APPENDIX B:
International Labor Organization Convention 182 and Recommendations
APPENDIX C:
Excerpts from the Convention on the Rights of the Child102
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