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TechnoratiHuman Rights in Western Sahara and in the Tindouf Refugee Camps
Map Of North Africa
Summary
Western Sahara
Refugee Camps near Tindouf, Algeria
Recommendations
To the UN Security Council
Recommendations to the Government of
Morocco
Recommendations Regarding Human
Rights in the Tindouf Camps
To the Polisario Front
To the Government of Algeria
To Third-Party Governments and
Regional Bodies
Recommendations to the US and France
Methodology
Legal Framework Applied in this
Report
Background to the Western Sahara
Conflict
Key Third Parties: The United
States, France, and the European Union
The United States
France
The European Union
Human Rights in Western Sahara
The Right to a Fair Trial
2007-2008 Trial of Naf'i as-Sah and
Abdallah al-Boussati for "Throwing Molotov Cocktails at a Police Car"
2007 Trial of Mohamed Tahlil for
"Arson"
2007 Trial of Eight Sahrawi Students
at the University of Rabat for an "Armed Demonstration"
2008: Trial of Activist Naâma Asfari
for "Drunk Driving and Assault"
2005 Trial of Seven Human Rights
Activists in El-Ayoun
Complaints of Torture, Beatings, and
Arbitrary Arrests of Sahrawi Activists
Case Studies
Freedom of Assembly
Occasional Protester Violence Cannot
Justify Broad Bans on the Right of Assembly
Freedom of Association for Human
Rights Organizations
Forum for Truth and Justice – Sahara
Section
The Sahrawi Association of Victims
of Grave Human Rights Violations102
CODESA.. 104
Moroccan Association for Human
Rights (AMDH) El-Ayoun Branch107
Treatment of Foreign Observers108
Morocco Expels French NGO Human
Rights Delegation in April 2008.. 109
Morocco Blocks a Fact-Finding
Mission by the European Parliament110
Morocco Briefly Detains Delegation
from Trade Union Consortium.. 111
Press Freedom.. 111
Human Rights in the Tindouf Camps114
Past Polisario Abuses and
Accountability114
The Question of Political Detention
in the Camps Today118
Freedom of Movement122
Travel to Mauritania, Morocco, and
Moroccan-Controlled Western Sahara124
Travel to Destinations other than
Mauritania and Moroccan-controlled areas130
Travel inside Algeria130
Polisario Reportedly Prevents
Sahrawi Dissident from Re-Entering Camps131
Freedom of Information, Expression,
Association and Assembly132
Places of Detention137
Allegations of Slavery142
Allegations of Slavery as it Affects
Marriage143
Manumission Papers146
The Case of "Saltana"148
Acknowledgments152
Appendices154
Appendix 1: Letter from Human Rights
Watch to Moroccan Authorities Requesting Information on Human Rights and
Western Sahara154
Appendix 2: Response from the
Government of Morocco, dated May 30, 2008, to Letter from Human Rights Watch 159
Appendix 3: Letter from Human Rights
Watch to SADR Authorities174
Appendix 4: SADR's Response to Human
Rights Watch Letter of February 8, 2008.. 179
Appendix 5: Letter from Human Rights
Watch to SADR Authorities186
Appendix 6: Response from SADR
Authorities to the Letter of Human Rights Watch of April 1, 2008 194
Appendix 7: Letter from Human Rights
Watch to Algerian authorities205
Appendix 8: Purported Manumission
Document from the Tindouf Camps210