Abuse and Exploitation of Child Domestic Workers in Indonesia

Map of Indonesia

I. Summary

II. Background

Domestic Workers in Indonesia

Push and Pull Factors

Recruitment of Children

Vulnerability to Trafficking

III. Abuse and Exploitation of Child Domestics

Deception in Recruitment

Age

Work Load, Hours of Work, and Rest

Unpaid Wages

Wage Exploitation

Living Conditions

Restrictions on Movement and Family Contact

Occupational Injuries and Access to Health Care

Sexual, Physical, and Psychological Abuse

Sexual Abuse and Harassment

Physical Abuse

Psychological Abuse

IV. The Relationship between Education and Child Labor

School Fees and Related Costs

The Effect of Domestic Work on Schooling

The Right to Education

V.Failure of the Indonesian Government to Protect and Prevent Exploitation of Child Domestic Workers

Lack of Will to Protect Child Domestic Workers

Governments Efforts to Eliminate the Worst Forms of Child Labor

Turning a Blind Eye to Abuse

Excluded from Protection of the Law and Lack of Enforcement

Labor Laws

Child Protection Law..

Domestic Violence Law..

No Remedy for Violations

VI. Response of the International Community

The International Program on the Elimination of Child Labor of the International Labor Organization (IPEC)

The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)

Other International Donors

VII. Recommendations

To the Indonesian and Regional Governments

To the House of Representatives

To the Ministry of Manpower and Transmigration

To the Ministry of Education

To the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights

To the Ministry of Women's Empowerment

To Regional Governments

To the International Program on the Elimination of Child Labor of the International Labor Organization

To the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)

To International Donors (the Asian Development Bank, the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID), Deutche Gesellschaft fr Technische Zusammenarbeit (German Technical Cooperation, GTZ), the United States Department of Labor, the United States Trade Representative, and the World Bank)

Acknowledgements