Tortured Beginnings

Police Violence and the

Map of East Timor

I. Introduction

Key Recommendations

II. Methodology

III. Background

Establishing the East Timor Police Force

Composition of the East Timor Police Force

Responsibility for Training, Discipline, and Investigating Police Abuse

IV. Police Abuse

Arbitrary Detention

Unauthorized Use of Firearms

Impunity for Rape

Legal Standards on Torture and Other Physical Mistreatment

V. Reforms, Institutions and Practices Needed to Create Police Accountability in East Timor

A. Addressing Impunity

B. The Development of Oversight Institutions

Professional Ethics and Deontology Unit

The Office of the Provedor

C. Legal Gaps

D. The Need for More and Better Training

E. Problematic Past Training Approaches

F. Current Initiatives

G. Monitoring

VI. Detailed Recommendations

Recommendations to the Government of East Timor

Recommendations to Donors and Others Providing Assistance to the Police

VII. Acknowledgements