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Rehabilitation Required
Russia's Human Rights Obligation to Provide Evidence-based Drug Dependence Treatment
I.
Summary and Recommendations
Methods
II.
Background
Illicit
Drug Use and Drug Policy in Russia..
Over-incarceration
of Drug Users
Harm
Reduction Programs
Russia's
Drug Dependence Treatment System...
The
Soviet Alcohol and Drug Dependence Treatment System...
Changes
in early 1990s
Russia's
Contemporary Drug Dependence Treatment System...
III.
Drug Dependence Treatment Best Practices
Basic
Principles of Effective Drug Dependence Treatment
Drug
Dependence is a Chronic and Relapsing Disease..
Treatment
Must be Readily Available..
Retention
of Patients in Treatment for Adequate Period of Time is Critical
Treatment
Plans Must be Tailored to Individual Patients' Needs
Treatment
Must Attend to Multiple Needs of the Patient
Elements
of the Effective Treatment System...
Open
Access Services
Detoxification
Treatment
Rehabilitation
and Relapse Prevention..
Maintenance
Therapy with Methadone or Buprenorphine..
Aftercare
Stage..
IV.
Findings: Human Rights and Drug Dependence Treatment
The
Right to Health..
Scope
of the Right to Health..
The
Availability Requirement
Detoxification
Services
Methadone
or Buprenorphine Maintenance Therapy
Rehabilitation
Services
The
Accessibility Requirement
Physical
Accessibility
Drug
User Registration..
Pre-admission
Paperwork
Distrust
of Drug Dependence Treatment Services
Economic
Accessibility and Non-discrimination..
Information
Accessibility
The
Acceptability Requirement
The
Quality and Scientific and Medical Appropriateness Requirement
Failure
to Facilitate Patient Retention..
Counseling
on HIV/AIDS and Other Health Conditions
Conditions
at Narcological clinics
Principle
of Non-discrimination and Restrictions on the Rights of Drug Users
V.
Detailed Recommendations
To
the Russian Government
Regarding
availability of treatment
Regarding
accessibility of treatment
Regarding
scientific and medical appropriateness and quality of treatment
Regarding
acceptability of treatment and discrimination against drug users
Other
To
the International Community
Acknowledgements
Appendix:
Drug Dependence Treatment Best Practices
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