A Face and a Name
Civilian Victims of Insurgent Groups in Iraq

I. Summary

The Victims
Insurgent Groups
Arguments of Insurgent Groups
Violations by U.S. and Iraqi Government Forces
Methodology

II. Recommendations

III. Insurgent Groups in Iraq

Attacks on Civilians
Purpose of Attacks on Civilians
Justifications for Attacks on Civilians
Statements by Insurgent Groups
Statements by Sunni Religious Groups

IV. Attacks on Ethnic and Religious Groups

Attacks on Shi`a Muslims
Attacks on Kurds
Attacks on Christians

V. Attacks on Civilians Working for Foreign Governments

VI. Attacks on Government Officials and Politicians

VII. Attacks on Civilians Applying for the Iraqi Security Forces

VIII. Attacks on Humanitarian Organizations and the U.N.

IX. Attacks on Media

X. Attacks on Intellectuals and Professionals

XI. Attacks on Women

XII. Abduction and Execution of Non-Iraqi Civilians

XIII. Unlawful Attacks on Government Security Forces

Summary Executions of Government Forces
Perfidious Attacks
Attacks on Security Forces Causing Disproportionate Civilian Harm

XIV. Violations by U.S. Forces

XV. Violations by the Iraqi Government

XVI. Legal Standards and the Conflict in Iraq

International Humanitarian Law in Iraq
International Humanitarian Law and the Protection of Civilians
Designation of Military Objectives
Prohibition on Attacks Causing Disproportionate Civilian Harm and Indiscriminate Attacks
Suicide Attacks and International Law
Criminal Responsibility
Crimes Against Humanity

Appendix A: Major Attacks with Civilian Deaths by Insurgent Groups in Iraq

Acknowledgments

October 2005   Vol. 17, No. 9(E)