Blood-Stained Hands
Past Atrocities in Kabul and Afghanistan’s Legacy of Impunity  

   Maps

I. Introduction

II. Historical Background

III. The Battle for Kabul: April 1992-March 1993

A:  April – December 1992

Ethnic fighting in West Kabul and the Hezb-e Islami attacks on Kabul
Wahdat, Ittihad and Jamiat in West Kabul
Rocketing and shelling by Hezb-e Islami
Violations of International Humanitarian Law
Abductions, “Disappearances,” Torture, and Other Mistreatment of Detainees
Abductions by Wahdat
Abductions by Ittihad
Abuse of Prisoners
“Disappearances”
Pillage and Looting
Violations of International Humanitarian Law
Rape and Sexual Violence

B:  October 1992-February 1993

January – February 1993: Conflict Continues

C: February 1993: the Afshar Campaign

Artillery Attacks
The Ground Attack
Evidence of Mutilations, and Cases of Looting and Forced Labor
The effects of the Afshar campaign
After Afshar
Violations of International Humanitarian Law

IV. Culpability

A. Applicable law
B. Culpability of specific individuals

Wahdat
Ittihad
Hezb-e Islami
Jamiat, Shura-e Nazar, and the Afghan Government of 1992-1993
Junbish
Harakat

   Afterword: The Complicity of Other Countries

   Recommendations

   Appendix

   Acknowledgements

July 2005   ISBN 1-56432-334-X