IV. RECOMMENDATIONS

To the United States and Allied Forces as Occupying Powers
· Recognize and fulfill the obligation to provide security for all civilians inside Iraq, including refugees and other non-nationals. Affirmative measures should be taken, including:

o Deploying police forces to provide security in neighborhoods and camps where refugees and other non-nationals normally reside. Such forces must fully assume their responsibilities to provide security for non-nationals as well as Iraqi nationals. U.S. coalition forces should provide security where local forces are unable to do so.
o Preventing evictions of non-nationals by ensuring immediate responses by the appropriate authorities to reports of threatened evictions.
o Protecting all women, including refugees, against any attack.
o Affording appropriate protection and humanitarian assistance to child refugees.
o Bringing individuals accused of perpetrating crimes against non-nationals to justice in procedures and applying standards that accord with international human rights law.

· Ensure immediate, full, and free access for UNHCR and humanitarian aid organizations to all civilians in need, including vulnerable groups such as refugees and other non-nationals in Iraq.
· Provide emergency resettlement places to refugees in Jordan who are unable or unwilling to voluntarily return to Iraq, to their regions of origin, or to remain safely in Jordan with full protections for their human rights, including their specific rights as refugees.

To The Government of Jordan
· Allow all refugees in the no-man's land area of Iraq to enter Jordan, at least on a temporary basis.
· Provide protection and assistance to all refugees inside Jordan with the cooperation and financial assistance of the international community.
· Ensure that no refugee in Jordan, regardless of his or her country of origin, is subjected to refoulement.
· When and if conditions become appropriate to contemplate refugee returns, in coordination with UNHCR and UNRWA, allow refugees to choose between voluntary repatriation to their place of origin, to Iraq, or local integration in the country of asylum on an individual, free and informed basis. Whatever solution the refugees choose should be entirely voluntary and under no circumstances should they be forced or coerced into making a particular choice.

To the United Nations Relief and Works Agency
· When and if conditions become appropriate to contemplate refugee returns, in coordination with the government of Jordan and UNHCR, allow refugees to choose between voluntary repatriation to their place of origin, to Iraq, or local integration in the country of asylum on an individual, free and informed basis. Whatever solution the refugees choose should be entirely voluntary and under no circumstances should they be forced or coerced into making a particular choice.

To the Office of The United Nations High Commissioner For Refugees
· Immediately resume protection and assistance activities for all refugees in Iraq.
· Continue to advocate with the government of Jordan to allow all refugees to enter its territory, at least on a temporary basis.
· When and if conditions become appropriate to contemplate refugee returns, in coordination with the government of Jordan and UNRWA, allow refugees to choose between voluntary repatriation to their place of origin, to Iraq, or local integration in the country of asylum on an individual, free and informed basis. Whatever solution the refugees choose should be entirely voluntary and under no circumstances should they be forced or coerced into making a particular choice.
· Secure resettlement places in safe third countries, with the active cooperation of the international community, particularly the governments of the United States and Britain. Those refugees who are unable to integrate locally in Jordan, to return to their place of origin, or to return to Iraq should be afforded resettlement places in safe third countries.
· Insist that the relevant authorities in Iraq, including the U.S. as the occupying power guarantee the protection of all refugees, as well as the full reintegration of any future returnees and protection of their social, economic, cultural, civil and political rights.

To the International Organization for Migration
· Continue to ensure that any decisions made to return to their places of origin by third country nationals are truly voluntary
· Refer cases of individuals requiring refugee status determination to UNHCR
· Prevent government officials from meeting with third country nationals unless individuals specifically agree to such visits voluntarily, and do not express any fears of refoulement.

To Donors and the International Community
· Governments should urge the government of Jordan to allow all refugees into Jordan, including those currently trapped in the no-man's land, at least temporarily.
· Donor states should uphold their legal and humanitarian obligations to share responsibility for refugees by committing to financially support protection and assistance activities for refugees in Jordan, including Palestinians, Iranian refugees displaced in the no-man's land, and any other refugees fleeing Iraq.
· Donor states should plan and fund any return programs for refugees in Jordan so that they meet all international standards, particularly those stipulated in UNHCR's 1996 Handbook on Voluntary Repatriation and in ExCom Conclusions.
· The international community should provide third-country resettlement possibilities as a durable solution for those who are unable or unwilling to return to Iraq or to their home areas, and who cannot safely remain with a secure refugee status in Jordan.