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“They Killed Them Like It Was Nothing”
The Need for Justice for Côte d’Ivoire’s Post-Election Crimes
Summary
Recommendations
To President Alassane Ouattara,
Justice Minister Jeannot Kouadio Ahoussou, and Interior Minister Hamed Bakayoko
To Charles Konan Banny, President of
the Dialogue, Truth, and Reconciliation Commission
To the United Nations Operations in
Côte d’Ivoire (UNOCI)
To the UN Security Council
To the Office of the High
Commissioner for Human Rights
To the International Criminal Court
Prosecutor
To the African Union and the Economic
Community of West African States:
To the Government of Liberia
To Neighboring Countries Where
Individuals Allegedly Involved in Grave Crimes May Have Taken Refuge
To International Donors, including
the European Union, France, and the United States
Methodology
Background
From Independence to
the 2000 Elections
Armed Conflict and
Political-Military Stalemate
Peace Agreements and
Peacekeepers
2010 Elections and Immediate
Aftermath
I. Initial Post-Election
Violence: November 2010-January 2011
Pro-Gbagbo Forces
Excessive Use of Force against
Demonstrators
Targeted Killings and Enforced
Disappearances of Pro-Ouattara Activists
Killings of Perceived Opponents by
Pro-Gbagbo Militia
Sexual Violence
Pro-Ouattara Forces in the North
II. Toward Active Conflict: February
to mid-March 2011
Pro-Gbagbo Forces
Incitement to Violence by the Gbagbo
Camp
Targeted Violence against West
African Immigrants in Abidjan
Attacks on Mosques, Muslims, and
Imams
Targeted Rape and Enforced
Disappearances of Ouattara Supporters
Violent Suppression of Demonstrations
Pro-Ouattara Forces
Civilian Killings in Anonkoua Village
Summary Executions of Detained Gbagbo
Fighters
III. Full-Scale Armed Conflict:
mid-March-May 2011
Pro-Gbagbo Forces
Killings, Massacres in Far West
Indiscriminate Shelling in Abidjan
Widespread Ethnic Killings and Rapes
in Abidjan
Republican Forces Military Offensive
Killings, Rape, and Pillage in the
Far West
Summary Executions of Detained
Civilians, Primarily the Elderly
Rape and other Sexual Violence
Duékoué Massacre
Involving Republican Forces
Final Battle for Abidjan and
Subsequent Weeks
IV. Key Leaders Implicated
Gbagbo Camp
Ouattara Camp
Not Formally Aligned
V. Accountability
Commissions of Inquiry
Domestic Prosecutions against Gbagbo
Camp
No Domestic Procedures against
Republican Forces Soldiers
International Criminal Court
Dialogue, Truth, and Reconciliation
Commission
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
Glossary of Acronyms
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