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Harsh War, Harsh Peace
Abuses by al-Shabaab, the Transitional Federal Government, and AMISOM in Somalia
Map of
Somalia
Summary
Methodology
Recommendations
To the
Transitional Federal Government of Somalia (TFG)
To the
African Union and the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM)
To
al-Shabaab and other Opposition Groups Fighting in Mogadishu
To
al-Shabaab and Local Authorities in al-Shabaab-Controlled Communities
To the UN
Security Council
To the UN
Secretary-General
To the UN
High Commissioner for Human Rights
To the UN
High Commissioner for Refugees
To the UN
Human Rights Council
To the
Government of Kenya
To the
Governments of Uganda and Burundi
To the
United States, the European Union and its Member States, and the African Union
Background
Major
Domestic Parties to the Conflict
Transitional
Federal Government
Al-Shabaab
Hizbul Islam..
Ahlu Sunna
Waljamaca
The African
Union Mission in Somalia
Al-Shabaab
and International Terrorism..
Daily Life
under al-Shabaab
International
Legal Standards
Peace and
Security—For a Price
Climate of
Fear
Arbitrary
Interference with Privacy, Family, Home, and Expression
Freedom of
Conscience, Religion, and Education
Discrimination
and Abuse against Women
Restrictions
on Women’s Dress
Ban on
Commercial Activity
Segregation
from Men
Amputations
and Executions
Civilians
Trapped in the Middle: Violations of International Humanitarian Law..
Indiscriminate
and Other Unlawful Attacks
Indiscriminate
Attacks
Deploying in
Densely Populated Areas and “Human Shielding”
Indiscriminate
Attacks by TFG and AMISOM Forces
Al-Shabaab
Suicide Bombings
Other
Unlawful Uses of Force
Death
Threats and Targeted Killings of Civilians
Threats and
Attacks on Journalists and Humanitarian Workers
Forced and
Unlawful Recruitment
Coercion,
Threats, and Murder
Recruitment
of Children
Recruitment
from Refugee Camps
The Role of
Key International Actors
United
Nations Institutions
The African
Union
The United
States
The European
Union
Ethiopia and
Eritrea
Acknowledgments
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