This report is based overwhelmingly on information gleaned from a variety of field investigations conducted by Human Rights Watch/Helsinki and the Human Rights Watch/Women's Rights Project. Erika Dailey, Rachel Denber, Malcolm Hawkes, Robin Levi, Liselotte Leicht, Christopher Panico, and Alexander Petrov provided essential assistance in fact-gathering and editing this report. Thanks go also to many Russian human rights activists and representatives of the Council of Europe who gave generously of their time in providing information and insight. Responsibility for the information, of course, lies solely with Human Rights Watch.
This report is also available in French and Russian. We would like to extend our thanks to the J.M. Kaplan fund for making these translations possible.
Human Rights Watch/Helsinki
Human Rights Watch is a nongovernmental organization established in 1978 to monitor and promote the observance of internationally recognized human rights in Africa, the Americas, Asia, the Middle East and among the signatories of the Helsinki accords. It is supported by contributions from private individuals and foundations worldwide. It accepts no government funds, directly or indirectly. The staff includes Kenneth Roth, executive director; Michele Alexander, development director; Cynthia Brown, program director; Holly J. Burkhalter, advocacy director; Barbara Guglielmo, finance and administration director; Robert Kimzey, publications director; Jeri Laber, special advisor; Lotte Leicht, Brussels office director; Susan Osnos, communications director; Jemera Rone, counsel; Wilder Tayler, general counsel; and Joanna Weschler, United Nations representative. Robert L. Bernstein is the chair of the board and Adrian W. DeWind is vice chair. Its Helsinki division was established in 1978 to monitor and promote domestic and international compliance with the human rights provisions of the 1975 Helsinki Accords. It is affiliated with the International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights, which is based in Vienna, Austria. Holly Cartner is the executive director; Rachel Denber is the Moscow office director; Erika Dailey, Christopher Panico, and Diane Paul are research associates; Alexander Petrov is Assistant Moscow office director; John MacLeod is the Toshkent office director; Marie Struthers is the Dushanbe office director; Maxine Marcus is research assistant; and Malcolm Hawkes, Emily Shaw, and Juliet Wilson are associates. Jonathan Fanton is the chair of the advisory committee and Alice Henkin is vice chair.
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