Soldiers Who Rape, Commanders Who Condone
2009年07月16日

Soldiers Who Rape, Commanders Who Condone

Sexual Violence and Military Reform in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Map of North and South Kivu
Acronyms
Summary
Recommendations
Methodology
I. Sexual Violence in Congo
"The Worst Place" to Be a Woman or a Child
Congo's Legal Obligations to Prevent, Investigate, and Punish Sexual Violence
International Law
Congolese Law
II. Sexual Violence by the Congolese Army
The FARDC: An Army of Former Enemies
Sexual Violence
III. The Case of the 14 Brigade
Creation, Structure, and Deployment of the 14 Brigade
Sexual Violence by the 14th Brigade
Civilian Protest against Abuses by the 14 Brigade
Lack of Clear Chain of Command
IV. Limited Impact: International and Government Efforts to End Sexual Violence by the Congolese Army
Action on Sexual Violence by the Congolese Government and Parliament
International Action on Sexual Violence
Progress in Assistance to Victims
Insufficient Efforts in Protection of Women and Girls
UN Action on the Policy Level
Security Sector Reform: Lack of Political Will to Break with the Past
Disconnected from the Fight against Sexual Violence
Limited Impact of Army Training
"We Live Like Dogs": Poor Living Conditions of Soldiers
The Military Justice System: Prosecuting Foot Soldiers, Not Commanders
Limited Progress in Prosecuting Lower-Ranking Soldiers
The Military Justice System Remains Weak
Military Justice and the 14 Brigade: An Example of Impunity
The Way Forward
Acknowledgements