Acknowledgements

This report was researched and written by the Horn of Africa research team in the Africa division of Human Rights Watch. The report was edited by Clive Baldwin, senior legal advisor, and Andrew Mawson, deputy director of the Program office of Human Rights Watch. Bill Frelick, Refugee Policy director, and Heba Morayef, researcher in the Middle East and North Africa division, reviewed sections of the report.

Production assistance was provided by McKenzie Price, associate in the Africa division. Anna Lopriore coordinated photo preparation and Grace Choi prepared the report for publication.

Human Rights Watch would like to thank Dr. Martin Hill for his helpful comments on a draft of the report. We are also grateful to additional experts who requested anonymity but made essential contributions at the research and writing stages.

Above all, we would like to extend our deep gratitude to all of the Eritrean refugees who agreed to be interviewed or otherwise shared their experiences with us in Djibouti, Italy, and elsewhere, sometimes in very difficult circumstances. We recognize just how fearful many of you were about speaking and we hope this report contributes to raising awareness of and alleviating your plight, wherever you are.