ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This report is based on field research by Julie Flint, independent consultant. The report was written by Julie Flint, Jemera Rone and Leslie Lefkow, both researchers in the Africa Division of Human Rights Watch; the latter two provided additional research. It was edited by Jemera Rone and Georgette Gagnon, Deputy Director of the Africa Division.It was also reviewed by James Ross, senior legal advisor, and Iain Levine, program director.Web research, production and coordination assistance was provided by Colin Relihan, associate in the Africa Division.

We would like to thank the many individuals who agreed to share their experiences with Human Rights Watch.